[A] debate has arisen about which country spawned the earliest fascist movement. France is a frequent candidate. Russia has been proposed. Hardly anyone puts Germany first. It may be that the earliest phenomenon that can be functionally related to fascism is American: the Ku Klux Klan.
—Robert O. Paxton, The Anatomy of Fascism, (New York: Knopf, 2004), 49.
Proto-fascists
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